據(jù)世界石油2022年8月25日?qǐng)?bào)道，印度最大煉油企業(yè)——印度石油公司表示，計(jì)劃在2046年花費(fèi)2萬(wàn)億盧比 （合250億美元） 實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和。

國(guó)有煉油廠兼燃料零售商的董事長(zhǎng)Shrikant Madhav Vaidya周四表示，該公司將在其凈零目標(biāo)下將排放范圍1和2作為目標(biāo)。Vaidya說(shuō)，它計(jì)劃通過(guò)減排實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的60%，其余的通過(guò)抵消，包括通過(guò)購(gòu)買(mǎi)碳信用額度。

印度石油沒(méi)有共享范圍3排放的數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自其燃料的消耗，占煉油廠排放量的最大份額。范圍1指生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放，范圍2指能源消耗產(chǎn)生的排放。范圍3指價(jià)值鏈中的所有其他間接排放。

“運(yùn)輸部門(mén)燃燒化石燃料約占印度碳排放的13%，構(gòu)成了所有煉油廠3的排放范圍，” bloombergNEF的印度研究負(fù)責(zé)人尚塔努·賈斯瓦爾表示，“雖然今天的宣布是一個(gè)好的開(kāi)始，但要實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)國(guó)家的凈零，印度需要減少這些排放。”

Vaidya在向股東宣布目標(biāo)后在新德里告訴記者，其煉油廠和石化部門(mén)的總排放量將于2030年開(kāi)始下降。印度國(guó)有能源巨頭一直在制定計(jì)劃，轉(zhuǎn)向低碳運(yùn)營(yíng)，并計(jì)劃投資氫和清潔能源。

Vaidya說(shuō)，印度石油將花費(fèi)57.7億盧比用于綠色產(chǎn)品和燃料電池的研究。他說(shuō)，煉油廠已經(jīng)開(kāi)始通過(guò)氣化生物質(zhì)來(lái)生產(chǎn)氫氣，并預(yù)計(jì)到今年年底將建立一個(gè)日產(chǎn)能一噸的試驗(yàn)工廠。

煉油廠的脫碳計(jì)劃符合印度到2070年達(dá)到零的國(guó)家目標(biāo)。世界第三大排放國(guó)去年年底在格拉斯哥宣布了第26屆締約方會(huì)議的目標(biāo)，刺激了一系列鼓勵(lì)經(jīng)濟(jì)脫碳的政策變化。

印度能源部門(mén)正在考慮對(duì)綠色氫和清潔能源的投資，盡管汽油需求預(yù)計(jì)將在多年內(nèi)保持強(qiáng)勁，但全國(guó)各地也安裝了數(shù)千個(gè)電動(dòng)汽車(chē)充電站。印度石油早些時(shí)候曾表示，它正努力在2030年每年生產(chǎn)70000噸綠氫。

壽琳玲 編譯自 世界石油

原文如下：

Indian Oil Corp. to spend $25 billion to cut emissions

Indian Oil Corp., the country’s biggest refiner, said it plans to spend 2 trillion rupees ($25 billion) to achieve carbon neutrality in its operations by 2046.  

The company will target Scope 1 and 2 emissions under its net zero aim, Shrikant Madhav Vaidya, chairman of the state-owned refiner-cum-fuel retailer, said on Thursday. It plans to achieve 60% of the goal through mitigation and the rest via offsets, including through the purchase of carbon credits, Vaidya said. 

Indian Oil did not share data on Scope 3 emissions, which occur from the consumption of its fuels and comprise the largest share of emissions for refiners. 

Scope 1 refers to greenhouse gas emissions generated during production and Scope 2 to emissions from the consumption of energy. Scope 3 refers to all other indirect emissions in the value chain.

“The burning of fossil fuels by the transport sector is responsible for roughly 13% of India’s carbon emissions, and constitutes the Scope 3 emission for all oil refiners,” said Shantanu Jaiswal, BloombergNEF’s head of India research. “And while today’s announcement is a good start, to achieve net zero for the entire country India will need to reduce these very emissions.”

Overall emissions at its refineries and petrochemical units will start falling after 2030, Vaidya told reporters in New Delhi after he had announced the goal to shareholders. Indian state-run energy majors have been working on plans to switch to low-carbon operations with investments planned in hydrogen and clean power.

Indian Oil will spend 5.77 billion rupees on research on green products and fuel cells, Vaidya said. The refiner has started working on hydrogen production by gasifying biomass and expects to have a trial plant with a capacity of one ton a day ready by the end of the year, he said.

The refiner’s decarbonization plan is in line with India’s national goal of reaching net zero by 2070. The world’s third-largest emitter announced the target at COP26 at Glasgow late last year, spurring a series of policy changes to encourage decarbonization of the economy.  

The Indian energy sector is looking at investments in green hydrogen and clean power, while thousands of electric vehicle charging points are also being installed across the country even as gasoline demand is expected to remain robust for many years. Indian Oil had earlier said it is working toward producing 70,000 tons a year of green hydrogen by 2030.