日韩成人免费在线_777奇米影视狠狠一区_亚洲欧美国产精品_亚洲AV日韩Aⅴ无码_午夜视频国产在线

科技是第一生產(chǎn)力、人才是第一資源、創(chuàng)新是第一動(dòng)力 加快建設(shè)科技強(qiáng)國(guó),實(shí)現(xiàn)高水平科技自立自強(qiáng)
氫能科技 沙蓬綠色種養(yǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)模式 聯(lián)源科技 超聯(lián)科技 園區(qū) 園區(qū) 園區(qū) 園區(qū) 園區(qū)

高油價(jià)不足以吸引頁(yè)巖生產(chǎn)商

   2022-03-04 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)綜合消息
51
核心提示:? 美國(guó)頁(yè)巖行業(yè)正在尋求提高產(chǎn)量,但它面臨著兩大障礙,可能會(huì)遏制其發(fā)展軌跡。? 供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題、失控的通貨

? 美國(guó)頁(yè)巖行業(yè)正在尋求提高產(chǎn)量,但它面臨著兩大障礙,可能會(huì)遏制其發(fā)展軌跡。  

? 供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題、失控的通貨膨脹和日益嚴(yán)重的勞動(dòng)力短缺阻礙了頁(yè)巖行業(yè)提高產(chǎn)量的能力。

? 先鋒自然資源公司首席執(zhí)行官斯科特?謝菲爾德表示:“即使政府希望我們?cè)霎a(chǎn),我也不認(rèn)為這個(gè)行業(yè)能夠增產(chǎn)?!?/strong>

據(jù)美國(guó)油價(jià)網(wǎng)3月1日?qǐng)?bào)道,美國(guó)頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量正在恢復(fù)增長(zhǎng),但通脹和供應(yīng)鏈瓶頸可能會(huì)阻礙今年美國(guó)的頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)軌跡,盡管油價(jià)已高達(dá)每桶100美元。  

據(jù)美國(guó)能源信息署(EIA)最新估計(jì),美國(guó)2023年的原油日產(chǎn)量將達(dá)到創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1260萬(wàn)桶,而今年的平均原油日產(chǎn)量預(yù)計(jì)將為1200萬(wàn)桶,比去年日增76萬(wàn)桶。  

然而,成本上漲、勞動(dòng)力和設(shè)備短缺,以及對(duì)支出的持續(xù)限制和對(duì)最大獨(dú)立石油公司油氣鉆探的限制,可能會(huì)減緩頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量的增長(zhǎng)。 與2019年和2018年分別超過(guò)120萬(wàn)桶/天和160萬(wàn)桶/天的上升周期相比,美國(guó)頁(yè)巖領(lǐng)域在降低國(guó)際原油價(jià)格和美國(guó)汽油價(jià)格方面發(fā)揮的作用將更小。  

“頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)面臨的阻力” 

美國(guó)頁(yè)巖巨頭依歐格資源公司首席執(zhí)行官以斯拉· 雅各布在日前舉行的財(cái)報(bào)電話會(huì)議上表示:“我們認(rèn)為,美國(guó)今年的頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)肯定會(huì)遇到一些阻力?!?/p>

雅各布補(bǔ)充說(shuō),“當(dāng)我們考慮到已經(jīng)公開(kāi)討論過(guò)的頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)預(yù)測(cè)時(shí),我們可能更偏向于原油和凝析油的低端。 究其原因,我認(rèn)為你會(huì)看到北美勘探開(kāi)發(fā)領(lǐng)域承諾保持自律,再加上通脹和供應(yīng)鏈壓力?!?/p>

依歐格資源公司總裁兼首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官比利·赫爾姆斯指出,今年美國(guó)頁(yè)巖領(lǐng)域開(kāi)發(fā)活動(dòng)和產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)面臨很多阻力。

赫爾姆斯在電話會(huì)議上表示,設(shè)備和勞動(dòng)力的短缺是其中的一些不利因素,他舉例說(shuō),在吸引鉆井和壓裂階段的工人方面存在挑戰(zhàn),而且“大多數(shù)優(yōu)質(zhì)設(shè)備目前都已投入使用”。  

“希望這個(gè)行業(yè)能夠在前進(jìn)的基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)并變得更好。 但從這方面來(lái)說(shuō),今年將是充滿挑戰(zhàn)的一年,”赫爾姆斯如是說(shuō)。

過(guò)去幾周,其他頁(yè)巖生產(chǎn)商和油田服務(wù)提供商都表示,今年的頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)面臨不利因素。 例如,在最大的頁(yè)巖遠(yuǎn)景區(qū)二疊紀(jì)盆地,壓裂砂的供應(yīng)出現(xiàn)短缺,這可能會(huì)延緩一些生產(chǎn)商的鉆井計(jì)劃,并導(dǎo)致砂價(jià)飆升。 這進(jìn)一步增加了美國(guó)石油生產(chǎn)商的成本壓力,他們已經(jīng)在努力應(yīng)對(duì)設(shè)備成本上漲和勞動(dòng)力短缺。

分析師說(shuō),從理論上講,每桶100美元的油價(jià)可能會(huì)讓美國(guó)的石油產(chǎn)量大幅增加,但供應(yīng)鏈限制和創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的沙價(jià)格可能會(huì)抑制產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)。  

美國(guó)最大水力壓裂服務(wù)提供商哈里伯頓首席執(zhí)行官杰夫·米勒在1月份舉行的第四季度收益電話會(huì)議上表示:“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),備受期待的多年上升周期現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行?!?但他也指出,“隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)加速,市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)了與貨運(yùn)、勞動(dòng)力、沙子和其他投入相關(guān)的緊張局面?!?/p>

最大的獨(dú)立石油公司控制產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)

撇開(kāi)供應(yīng)鏈和成本通脹不談,美國(guó)最大的獨(dú)立石油公司并沒(méi)有競(jìng)相開(kāi)采過(guò)多的原油,即使油價(jià)每桶達(dá)到100美元。  

二疊紀(jì)盆地最大的石油生產(chǎn)商先鋒自然資源公司首席執(zhí)行官斯科特?謝菲爾德表示,該公司將不會(huì)打開(kāi)水龍頭,即使油價(jià)達(dá)到200美元,也將堅(jiān)守生產(chǎn)原則。

謝菲爾德2月份接受彭博電視臺(tái)記者采訪時(shí)表示:“無(wú)論是油價(jià)150美元、200美元還是100美元,我們都不會(huì)改變頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)計(jì)劃?!?/p>

美國(guó)頁(yè)巖行業(yè)公眾獨(dú)立人士的資本約束對(duì)美國(guó)汽油價(jià)格和支持率來(lái)說(shuō)都不是一個(gè)好兆頭。 然而,先鋒自然資源公司、大陸資源公司、響尾蛇能源公司和德文能源公司等公司保持紀(jì)律,計(jì)劃每年的頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增幅不超過(guò)5%。 

響尾蛇能源公司董事長(zhǎng)兼首席執(zhí)行官特拉維斯?斯蒂斯在日前舉行的財(cái)報(bào)電話會(huì)議上表示:“響尾蛇能源公司的團(tuán)隊(duì)和董事會(huì)認(rèn)為,我們沒(méi)有理由把頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)放在股東回報(bào)之前。 因此,我們將繼續(xù)保持紀(jì)律,保持今年的石油產(chǎn)量持平?!?nbsp;

先鋒自然資源公司謝菲爾德表示,大型頁(yè)巖公司的資本支出紀(jì)律和許多生產(chǎn)商面臨的供應(yīng)鏈瓶頸將限制美國(guó)石油產(chǎn)量的增長(zhǎng)。  

謝菲爾德在2月份曾告訴彭博社記者,“其他幾家生產(chǎn)商在尋找壓裂工人方面遇到了困難,他們找不到勞動(dòng)力,也找不到沙子;這將阻礙頁(yè)巖產(chǎn)量的增長(zhǎng)?!?/p>

謝菲爾德表示:“即使政府希望我們?cè)黾禹?yè)巖產(chǎn)量,我也不認(rèn)為這個(gè)行業(yè)能夠增產(chǎn)?!?/p>

李峻 編譯自 美國(guó)油價(jià)網(wǎng)

原文如下:

High Oil Prices Aren’t Enough To Tempt Shale Producers

·     America’s shale industry is looking to ramp up production, but it is facing two major hurdles that could curb its trajectory.

·     Supply chain issues, runaway inflation and a growing labor shortage have hindered the industry’s ability to increase output. 

·    "Even if the president wants us to grow, I just don't think the industry can grow anyway," said Pioneer CEO Scott Sheffield.

U.S. shale production is back in growth mode, but inflation and supply chain bottlenecks could hobble the growth trajectory this year despite the tempting economics of $100 oil.  

The United States is set to post an annual record of 12.6 million barrels per day (bpd) of crude oil production in 2023, while this year's average is forecast at 12 million bpd, up by 760,000 bpd from last year, according to EIA's latest estimates.

Yet, cost inflation, labor and equipment shortages, and continued restraint in spending and drilling from the biggest public independents could slow output growth. The U.S. shale patch is set to play a more minor role in potentially bringing down international crude oil prices and American gasoline prices than it did in the previous upcycles when annual growth topped 1.2 million bpd in 2019 and 1.6 million bpd in 2018.

'Headwinds To Growth'

"We think the U.S. is definitely going to face some headwinds in growth on this year," Ezra Yacob, chief executive of shale giant EOG Resources, said on the earnings call last week.

"When we think about the growth forecasts that are out there and have been publicly discussed, we're probably a bit more on the lower end in general on the crude and condensate side. And the reason for that is I think you're seeing commitment from the North American E&P space to remain disciplined and then you couple that with some of the inflationary and supply chain pressures," Yacob added.

EOG Resources president and chief operating officer Billy Helms noted that there are a lot of headwinds for the U.S. shale patch to ramp up activity and grow production this year.

Equipment and labor constraints are some of those headwinds, Helms said on the call, giving as examples challenges in attracting workers for the drilling and frac stages and the fact that "most of the good equipment is already under employment today."

"And hopefully, the industry can strengthen and get better on a go-forward basis. But this year is going to be a challenging year from that side," said Helms.

Over the past weeks, other shale producers and oilfield services providers have flagged headwinds to this year's growth. For example, frac sand in the biggest shale play, the Permian, is in short supply, threatening to slow drilling programs at some producers and sending sand prices skyrocketing. This adds further cost pressure to American oil producers, who are already grappling with cost inflation in equipment and labor shortages.  

$100 oil could unleash a lot more U.S. oil production, in theory, but supply chain constraints and record-high sand prices are likely to temper growth, analysts say.

"There is no doubt, the much-anticipated multiyear upcycle is now underway," Jeff Miller, CEO at the biggest fracking services provider, Halliburton, said on the Q4 earnings call in January. But he also noted that "As activity accelerates, the market is seeing tightness related to trucking, labor, sand, and other inputs."

Biggest Independents Rein In Production Growth

Supply chain and cost inflation aside, the largest public independents in the U.S. shale patch are not racing to pump too much crude, even at $100 oil.

Pioneer Natural Resources, the biggest oil producer in the Permian, will not open the taps and will stick to discipline even at $200 oil, says chief executive Scott Sheffield.  

"Whether it's $150 oil, $200 oil, or $100 oil, we're not going to change our growth plans," Sheffield told Bloomberg Television in an interview last month.  

The capital discipline from the public independents in the U.S. shale patch doesn't bode well for U.S. gasoline prices and for President Biden's approval ratings. Yet, companies like Pioneer Natural Resources, Continental Resources, and Devon Energy are keeping discipline and plan to grow production by no more than 5 percent annually. Diamondback Energy is also part of that crowd.

"Diamondback's team and board believe that we have no reason to put growth before returns. Our shareholders, the owners of our company, agreed. And as a result, we will continue to be disciplined, keeping our oil production flat this year," chairman and CEO Travis Stice said on the earnings call last week.

Capex discipline from the largest shale firms and the supply chain bottlenecks for many producers will cap U.S. oil production growth, according to Pioneer's Sheffield. 

"Several other producers are having trouble getting frack crews, they're having trouble getting labor and they're having trouble getting sand; that's going to keep anybody from growing," he told Bloomberg in February. 

"Even if the government wants us to grow, I just don't think the industry can grow anyway," said Sheffield. 



免責(zé)聲明:本網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)載自其它媒體的文章,目的在于弘揚(yáng)科技創(chuàng)新精神,傳遞更多科技創(chuàng)新信息,宣傳國(guó)家科技政策,展示國(guó)家科技形象,增強(qiáng)國(guó)家科技軟實(shí)力,參與國(guó)際科技輿論競(jìng)爭(zhēng),提高國(guó)際科技話語(yǔ)權(quán),并不代表本網(wǎng)贊同其觀點(diǎn)和對(duì)其真實(shí)性負(fù)責(zé),在此我們謹(jǐn)向原作者和原媒體致以崇高敬意。如果您認(rèn)為本網(wǎng)文章及圖片侵犯了您的版權(quán),請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們將第一時(shí)間刪除。
 
 
更多>同類資訊
推薦圖文
推薦資訊
點(diǎn)擊排行

粵公網(wǎng)安備 44040202001358號(hào)